Physiotherapists frequently use joint mobilization therapy techniques to treat musculoskeletal dysfunction and pain. Several studies suggest that endogenous adenosine may act in an analgesic fashion in various pain states.
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the contribution of the adenosinergic system on the antihyperalgesic effect of ankle joint mobilization (AJM).
Experimental study.
To test this hypothesis, mice (25-35 g) submitted to plantar incision surgery were used as a model of acute postoperative pain. The mice were subjected to AJM for 9 minutes. Withdrawal frequency to mechanical stimuli was assessed 24 hours after plantar incision surgery and 30 minutes after AJM, adenosine, clonidine or morphine treatments. The adenosinergic system was assessed by systemic (intraperitoneal), central (intrathecal) and peripheral (intraplantar) administration of caffeine. The participation of A1 receptor was investigated using a selective adenosine A1 receptor subtype antagonist. In addition, we confirmed previous data assessing the involvement of the serotonergic and noradrenergic systems in the antihyperalgesic effect of AJM.
AJM decreased mechanical hyperalgesia and this effect was reversed by pretreatment of the animals with caffeine given by intraperitoneal (i.p.), intraplantar (i.pl.) or intrathecal (i.t.) routes. In addition, i.pl. and i.t. administrations of 1,3- dipropyl-8- cyclopentylxanthine (DPCPX, a selective adenosine A1 subtype receptor antagonist) or systemic administration of yohimbine or -chlorophenylalanine methyl ester hydrochloride (PCPA) blocked the antihyperalgesia induced by AJM.
Results are limited to animal models and cannot be generalized to acute pain in humans.
This study demonstrated the involvement of the adenosinergic system in the antihyperalgesic effect of AJM in a rodent model of pain and provides a possible mechanism basis for AJM-induced relief of acute pain.
Source: http://ptjournal.apta.org/cgi/content/short/ptj.20120226v1?rss=1
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